extended · article · 2019

The Negative Effects Questionnaire: psychometric properties of an instrument for assessing negative effects in psychological treatments

Alexander Rozental; Anders Kottorp; David Forsström; Kristoffer Månsson; Johanna Boettcher; Gerhard Andersson; Tomas Furmark; Per Carlbring; John M. Linacre

BACKGROUND: Psychological treatments provide many benefits for patients with psychiatric disorders, but research also suggests that negative effects might occur from the interventions involved. The Negative Effects Questionnaire (NEQ) has previously been developed as a way of determining the occurrence and characteristics of such incidents, consisting of 32 items and six factors. However, the NEQ has yet to be examined using modern test theory, which could help to improve the understanding of how well the instrument works psychometrically. AIMS: The current study investigated the reliability and validity of the NEQ from both a person and item perspective, establishing goodness-of-fit, item bias, and scale precision. METHOD: The NEQ was distributed to 564 patients in five clinical trials at post-treatment. Data were analysed using Rasch analysis, i.e. a modern test theory application. RES...